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I. N. Beckman
Diagnostics of basalt fiber
adsorbents
Abstract
Basalt planar sorbents successfully were used for
the uptake of acid gases, organic vapours and water vapours from the air or
natural gas streams, respectively. The adsorption active filters made of the
porous basalt fibres have advantages in comparison to traditional granulated
sorbents as they possess lower diffusion resistance and higher sorption ability
Consecutive chemical leaching of the basalt fibres by hydrochloric acids was
used in the development of porous active surface of the basalt fibres. New
sorbents were prepared from non-porous basalt fibres by means of chemical
leaching in two steps. The sorption properties of the basalt based sorbents for
2 – butanol were measured and the respective sorption capacities were
determined. The nitrogen sorption method and the BET model were used for the
determination of the sample specific surface area; the BJH calculation yields
the pore size distribution. It was established, that the sorption capacity on
the porous, chemically leached basalt fibres is comparable with natural
zeolites and industrial silicogels. Methods of thermal analysis (such as
thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and evolved gas detection),
were used for the characterisation of the sorbent. The temperature necessary
for the regeneration of the basaltic porous felt is by 200° lower than for natural zeolites.
Consequently, the significant energy saving can be achieved in the industrial
scale, when using in the sorption modules the active filters made of the
chemically leached basalt fibres.
Copyright (C) Chemistry Dept., Moscow State University, 2002
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